|
Dezhurny L.I.1, Lysenko K.I.2, Baturin D.I.3
1 Federal Public Health Institute, Moscow
2 Major Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Moscow
3 National Medical University of Russia, Moscow
The resume. The study investigated into the role of
unprofessional emergency aid in rescuing life and preserving health of a
victim and into its effect on avoiding untimely death in Russia.
Frequency of emergency aid provided by none-professionals was in
focus of this study. Causes of low real frequency of provided
unprofessional emergency aid and of its not quite satisfactory quality
were both established here. Insufficient normative and legal basis of
unprofessional emergency aid in RF, lack of motives and grounds for
the occasional providers of such aid, insufficient training and lack
of ready at hand means were noted among such causes.
Sociological questionnaire revealed that majority of ordinary
citizens did not consider providing occasional emergency aid as civil
obligation, while most significant reasons for the failure to try and
provide emergency aid were lack of knowledge and practical skills for
providing emergency aid, apprehension of inflicting possible harm to an
affected person, fear of legal consequence in case of conceivable
failure, lack of immediate material means ready at hand.
The survey of existing normative documentation in Russia identified
quite a number of documents concerning unprofessional emergency medical
aid, nevertheless, it were none-concrete definitions and lack of
comprehensive approach that imply inefficiency in practical life of
emergency aid measures, when provided on these guidelines.
Normative documents produced not a single term that could strictly
signify emergency aid to a victim by people without medical education.
These documentation rendered it unclear what the constituents of the
emergency aid were and what volume of first aid interference was
passable, what was its algorithm. The rights and responsibilities of a
medically uneducated person providing the emergency aid were not
stated. Actually, these rights do not exist in legal fixation, as well
as does not exist any practical pathway for legal protection of such
persons in case of unfavorable outcome of their emergency aid
actions or complications in the victim occurred at that moment of time,
and these realities tend to incline medically uneducated person to
refrain from his/her emergency aid attempt on account of possible
negative responsibilities implied.
There is no universal system of training for routine ways of
emergency aid, and this results in low level of knowledge and
practical skills in potential emergency aid occasional participants.
This study of ours put forward propositions for medical organizational
measures aiming at improving training and quality of occasional
emergency aid by none-professionals.
Key words: emergency aid, mortality, trauma, emergency condition.
References
-
Nemsadze VN, Vybornov DYu. Detskiy travmatizm kak sotsialnaya problema
[Infantile traumatism as a social problem]. Proceedings of 6nd Congress of Russian Pediatricians. Moscow; 2000. p. 17-19.
-
Obshcherossiyskiy klassifikator professiy rabochikh, dolzhnostey
sluzhashchikh i tarifnykh razryadov [All-Russia classifier of
professions of workers and employees ranged along tariff rates].
[Internet]. Komitet Rossiyskoy Federatsii po standartizatsii, metrologii
i sertifikatsii. OK 016-94 1996 [modified 1999 Nov 01; cited 2011 Jan
14]. Available from: http://www.nist.ru/hr/doc/ok/okpdtr.htm
-
Khrupkin VI. Organizatsiya neotlozhnoy spetsializirovannoy
khirurgicheskoy pomoshchi naseleniyu v chrezvychaynykh situatsiyakh
[Organization of emergency specialized surgery to population during
generalized catastrophe]. In: Meditsina katastrof, skoraya i
neotlozhnaya pomoshch i ekstremalnaya meditsina. Proceedings of the
Conference. Moscow 2000 Apr 18-19. p. 162-165.
-
Osnovy zakonodatelstva Rossiyskoy Federatsii ob okhrane zdorovya
grazhdan [Foundations of RF legislation for safeguarding citizens
health]. "Rossiyskie vesti" 1993 Sep 09;(174).
- Tsybulyak GN, editor. Reanimatsiya na dogospitalnom etape
[Reanimation at pre-hospitalization step]. Leningrad: Meditsina; 1980.
232 p.
- Darbinyan TM, editor. Rukovodstvo po klinicheskoy reanimatologii
[Guidelines for clinical reanimation procedures]. Moscow: Meditsina;
1974. 184 p.
- Starodubov VI, Mikhaylova YuV, Ivanova AE. Problemy Rossiyskoy
smertnosti, ee posledstviya i prioritetnye napravleniya deystviy
[Problems of mortality in Russia and its consequences: prevalent actions
of priority for curbing it]. Proceedings of the Russian National
Conference. Moscow 2006 May 30-31. Moscow: RIO TsNIIOIZ; 2006. P. 4-41.
- Shapiro K. I. Smertnost i letalnost pri travmakh: Obzor literatury [Mortality through traumas and lethal rates]. Ortopediya, travmatologiya i protezirovanie 1991;(1):69-74.
- Estrin IA, Paskeev DR, Smirnova LT. Sovershenstvovaniye
organizatsii skoroy meditsinskoy pomoshchi pri ostanovke
krovoobrashcheniya na dogospitalnom etape [Improving organization of
emergency medical care at pre-hospitalization step for cases of the
cessation of blood circulation]. Skoraya meditsinskaya pomoshch 2004;(1):51-53.
- Yankin YuM, Bukhtiyarova EV. Obrashchaemost za skoroy meditsinskoy
pomoshchyu razlichnykh sotsialnykh grupp naseleniya [Emergency call
rates of different social groups of population]. Skoraya meditsinskaya pomoshch 2005;(2):9-12.
- Caroline N.L. Emergency medical services (EMS) lessons for worldwide health ñàãå (1981). J. World Assoc. Emerg. Disaster Med. 1995;(1):67-69.
- Cellar Douglas F., Nelson Zachary C., Yorke Candice M. The
five-factor model and safety in the workplace: Investigating the
relationships between personality and accident involvement. J. Prev. and Interv. Commun. 2001;22(1):43-52.
- Peden M., Scurfield R., Sleet D., Mohan D., Hyder A.A., Jarawan E.,
Mathers C. World report on road traffic injury prevention. Geneva,
World Health Organization 2004. 258 p.
Views: 25140
|
