E.Ya. Nemstzveridze
"SM-Clinic”, Moscow

Summary. Indicators of disability of the population in Russia for the last decades have being exceeding those of other industrial nations of the world.

Nowadays, the rate of disability of the working population of Russia is considered to be one of the most critical issues of demographic development of Russia that necessitates urgent administrative interference in it. The prognostic values of the population size of Russia estimated through the extrapolation of demographic changes in 2000-2005 have indicated that the population size will diminish by the year of 2015 upon 6.2 million people (-4.4%) and will account for as much as 136 million inhabitants, while by the year of 2025 it will account for 124.9 millions. Noteworthy, these prognostic values were based on real figures only, taking no account of any of the State Programs for making better the health condition of the population, or any officially supported plans for reducing mortality and increasing birth rate.

This unfavorable situation stirs up the necessity for searching adequate administrative and organizational decisions from the part of the State and its social instituations on adopting certain urgent measures to make demographic policies more efficient, in particular, for reducing disability among labor capable population.

Different regions of Russia have quite different population structure for age and gender, hence there exist different coefficients for disability in different regions. Regions also differ for the grade of provided healthcare. Organizational schemes of healthcare provided to every tributary population differ greatly, as well. Introduction of medical high-tech facilities in healthcare settings is highly uneven between the regions of Russia. As a matter of fact, it will be only reasonable for every Territory to stick first of all to the possible solution of its local negative problems.

In particular, a certain diminishment in retiring of part of the population due to disabililty can readily be obtained through more scientifically based approach to identification and investigation into those reasons of primary retirement due to disability which can be considered as quite soluble. Such surveys can help to establish properly those important factors that pre-determine state of health of the population and, in particular, to reveal individual causes of disability among the population; all these issues can form foundations of regional task-indicating public health programs that are expected to affect most of such factors and causes.

Nowadays, the State Program for improving state of health of the working population and for making demographic situation more steady is under way, and this puts the surveys and evaluations of economic loss caused by the retirement of part of the population due to disability as most topical ones. A more precise economic investigation into the issue of retirement of part of the population due to disability can be beneficial for establishing major principles and approaches needed for the elaboration of special regional programs. These programs are to tackle notably the issue of reduction of disability rates among labor capable population.

Keywords. Disability of working population; economic loss; major approaches; assessment; programs’ elaboration.

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