|
I.P. Pochitaeva, A.P. Golubeva
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow
Abstract. The study of epidemiological peculiarities and
trends in morbidity due to drug abuse disorders in one region of the
Central Federal District of the Russian Federation is conditioned by
social, political and economic importance of this issue and a
challenging complexity of measures aimed at reducing drug use.
Official statistics on nine indicators for 14 years (1999-2012) were
collected and generalized to evaluate dynamics and estimate indicators
of incidence and prevalence of psychiatric and behavioural disorders due
to drug abuse and mortality among drug users in the Kostroma region.
Opioid dependence constitutes the highest chare in the structure of
drug abuse disorders– 88.3% (about 90 – desomorphine users). The second
highest share is represented by multiple drug dependence – 8.3%; the
rest included users of stimulant drugs, cannabis derivates and other
drugs.
Growing trends were determined for:
-
Incidence and prevalence of disorders due to harmful drug use (without
abuse) with the average annual growth rate by 10.51% and 13.29%
correspondingly;
-
Prevalence of substance dependence in general population (by 9.91%) and
outpatient mortality (by 10.62%). In 2011-2012, a trend towards
reduction of those rates was registered and could be due to bans on free
sale of codein-containing medications in drugstores and strengthen
control measures.
Levels of substance dependence incidence among adolescents in
1999-2012 vary essentially. The highest increase of substance dependence
rates in the general population and in adolescents was registered in
2000-2001, which was caused by a single-shot smuggle of large amounts of
heroin.
The maximal rates of substance dependence morbidity were registered in the city of Kostroma and its nearest districts.
The death causes among injecting desomorphine users included HIV-infection, hepatitis B and C and cardiovascular diseases.
The determined trends and territorial peculiarities of all indicators
under study in the region could serve the basis for monitoring the
situation with drug abuse.
Keywords: disease incidence; disease prevalence; outpatient
mortality; substance dependence; Kostroma region; risk factors;
desomorphine.
References
-
Bryun E.A., Koshkina E.A. Modern approaches to providing health and
social rehabilitation of drug abuse patients. Guidelines. Moscow:
PARADIZ Publishing House, 2013. 124 p. (In Russia).
-
Bryun E.A., Shamota A.Z., Vanisova N.G., Val'kova U.V. The main
indicators characterizing the state of drug service and drug abuse
prevalence in Moscow region in 2000-2006. Voprosy narkologii 2008;(4): 115-128. (In Russia).
-
Demidova O.V., Mokhnachev S.O. A preliminary report on 68 cases of desomorphine abuse. Narkologiya 2011;(11): 96-97. (In Russia).
-
Report of International Committee for Drug Control for 2011.
(E/INCB/2011/1). UN. International Committee for Drug Control. New-York,
2012. (In Russia).
-
Dubrovskiy R.G., Teplitskiy V.G. Organization of monitoring of drug abuse situation. Narkologiya 2009; (10): 43-49. (In Russia).
-
Zaporozhchenko V.G. Heroin: a historical overview. Profilaktika zabolevaniy i ukreplenie zdorov'ya 2000;3(6):31-36. (In Russia).
-
Ivanets N.N., Koshkina E.A., Kirzhanova V.V. Mortality of drug abuse
patients in the Russian Federation. Analysis of the federal statistical
monitoring data. Voprosy narkologii 2008; (3): 105-119. (In Russia).
-
Ivanov A.A. Regional features in dynamics of drug situation in Altai
territory (clinical epidemiological, prevention, and rehabilitation
aspects). Cand.Med.Sci [thesis]. Tomsk. 2012. 25 p. (In Russia).
-
Koshkina E.A., Kirzhanova V.V. The current drug situation in Russia according to the state statistical data. Narkologiya 2009; (8): 41-46. (In Russia).
-
Koshkina Å.À. The main indicators characterizing the state of drug service. Narkologiya 2007; (9): 15-19. (In Russia).
-
Koshkina E.A., Borisova E.V. The state policy to counter psychoactive
substance use and organization of drug service in the RF. (In Russia).
-
Koshkina E.A., Kirzhanova V.V. Monitoring of drug situation on the base
of medical statistical data of the drug service of Russia. In: “The
current problems of drug abuse”, Collection of scientific works of the
National Research Center on addictions Moscow. 2005. p. 4-21. (In
Russia).
-
Koshkina E.A., Kirzhanova V.V. The main problems of drug abuse
epidemiology at the present time: Proceedings of II All-Russian Forum
“Health of the nation is a basis for prosperity of Russia” (part II) May
29–June 3, 2006. Moscow: A,N. Bakulev Scientific Center for
Cardiovascular Surgery RAMS; p. 35-40. (In Russia).
-
Koshkina E.A., Kirzhanova V.V. The main tendencies of registered drug abuse disorder in the Russian Federation in 2006. Voprosy narkologii 2005; (6): 54-65. (In Russia).
-
Koshkina E.A., Kirzhanova V.V. The modern epidemiological methods for
monitoring of drug abuse prevalence. Moscow: 2005. 245 p. (In Russia).
-
Koshkina E.A., Spektor Sh.I., Sentsov V.G. Bogdanov S.I. Medical,
social, and economic consequences of drug and alcohol abuse. Moscow: PER
SE; 2008. 288 p. (In Russia).
-
Rolik A.I., Kozlov A.A. To the problem of assessing the drug situation
in the light of the strategy of Russian nation security. Narkologiya 2009; (12): 19-25. (In Russia).
-
Sakharova P.B. Prevalence and health and social consequences of
psychoactive substance abuse.Cand.Med.Sci [dissertation]. St-Petersburg,
2009. 145 p. (In Russia).
-
Spektor Sh.I. Scientific grounds for complex prevention of drug and
alcohol abuse in a subject of the Russian Federation.Dr.Med.Sci
[thesis]. Moscow. 2008. (In Russia).
-
Ulezko T.A. Desomorphine abuse. Narkologiya 2011; (10): 54-57. (In Russia).
-
Tsarev S.A., Koshkina E.A Assessment of economic efficiency of
narcological care to drug abuse patients at a regional level by an
example of Samara region in 2007-2010. Narkologiya 2013; (3): 34-37. (In Russia).
Views: 19022
|
