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I.P. Pochitaeva, A.P. Golubeva
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow
Abstract. The study of epidemiological peculiarities and
trends in morbidity due to drug abuse disorders in one region of the
Central Federal District of the Russian Federation is conditioned by
social, political and economic importance of this issue and a
challenging complexity of measures aimed at reducing drug use.
Official statistics on nine indicators for 14 years (1999-2012) were
collected and generalized to evaluate dynamics and estimate indicators
of incidence and prevalence of psychiatric and behavioural disorders due
to drug abuse and mortality among drug users in the Kostroma region.
Opioid dependence constitutes the highest chare in the structure of
drug abuse disorders– 88.3% (about 90 – desomorphine users). The second
highest share is represented by multiple drug dependence – 8.3%; the
rest included users of stimulant drugs, cannabis derivates and other
drugs.
Growing trends were determined for:
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Incidence and prevalence of disorders due to harmful drug use (without
abuse) with the average annual growth rate by 10.51% and 13.29%
correspondingly;
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Prevalence of substance dependence in general population (by 9.91%) and
outpatient mortality (by 10.62%). In 2011-2012, a trend towards
reduction of those rates was registered and could be due to bans on free
sale of codein-containing medications in drugstores and strengthen
control measures.
Levels of substance dependence incidence among adolescents in
1999-2012 vary essentially. The highest increase of substance dependence
rates in the general population and in adolescents was registered in
2000-2001, which was caused by a single-shot smuggle of large amounts of
heroin.
The maximal rates of substance dependence morbidity were registered in the city of Kostroma and its nearest districts.
The death causes among injecting desomorphine users included HIV-infection, hepatitis B and C and cardiovascular diseases.
The determined trends and territorial peculiarities of all indicators
under study in the region could serve the basis for monitoring the
situation with drug abuse.
Keywords: disease incidence; disease prevalence; outpatient
mortality; substance dependence; Kostroma region; risk factors;
desomorphine.
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