DOI: 10.21045/2071-5021-2017-53-1-9

Nizamova E.R.
Central Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Contacts: Elvira Nizamova, e-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spam bots, you need JavaScript enabled to view it

Information about author:
Nizamova E.R., http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2802-1714
Acknowledgments.The study had no sponsorship.
Conflct of interests. The author declare no conflict of interest.

Abstract. Reducing preventable loss from preterm baby mortality is a priority task of maternal and child health.

The purpose of this study is to identify and assess impact of social conditions and indicators of maternal health before and during pregnancy on a preterm baby birth.

Materials and methods: Face-to-face structured interviews were conducted with mothers of preterm babies.

Results. Parturient women were mainly presented by two age groups: 30-39 years (51.9%) and 25-29 years (34.2%). Marriage was more often officially registered (60.8%). Such baby was the first in 50.6% of the families, second - in 29.1%, third in 16.5% and fourth and over - in 3.8% of the families. In the surveyed families the share of women with higher education was 53.2% against 39.2% in men; and in 31.6% cases both parents had higher education. Secondary professional education received 21.5% of women and 31.6% of men, both parents had such educational level in 11.4% of cases; 12.7% of women and 15.2% of men had secondary (school) education. In the majority of families with the preterm baby parents predominantly had day working regimen: 83.6% of women and 77.0% of men. Half (52.6%) of the families had a per capita monthly income over 15 000 rubles, while income of 47.4% of the families was less than the minimum wage. 55.7% of pregnant women felt unwell even before the 12th week of gestation and had signs of a pathology. Birth of a preterm baby in 100% of cases was associated with the unhealthy pregnancy (in 10.1% of cases of gestosis with escalation to eclampsia in 3.8% of cases).

Discussion. The last decade has seen a significant change in reproductive behavior pattern of women due to modernization of values (increasing role of education, professional training), when parenthood and childbearing issues are postponed to some time in the future. Prevention of premature births with low birth weight should include organization of medical examinations before pregnancy and counseling.

Conclusions. The author has identified certain determinants which are more common in women who delivered preterm babies (with weight at birth up to 2500 grams): 30-39 years; education level lower than the population average (completed secondary education or lower); presence of chronic diseases, particularly gynecological, ophthalmic and otorhinolaryngologic ones. First delivery is also one of the affecting factors with a decreased probability of preterm baby in subsequent deliveries.

Keywords: preterm babies with extremely low and low birth weight; medical and social characteristics; family with preterm baby; pathological pregnancy.

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