DOI: 10.21045/2071-5021-2017-57-5-8

Ovcharenko E.S., Fefelova V.V., Kasparov E.V., Koloskova T.P., Smirnova O.V.
Federal Research Centre «Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences» - «Scientific Research Institute for Medical Problems of the North», Krasnoyarsk

Contacts: Ovcharenko Elizaveta, e-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spam bots, you need JavaScript enabled to view it
Information about authors:
Ovcharenko E.S., http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6884-7871
Fefelova V.V., http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2865-866X
Kasparov E.V., http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5988-1688
Koloskova T.P., http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3847-1994
Smirnova O.V., http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3992-9207
Acknowledgments. The study had no sponsorship.
Conflct of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Abstract

Introduction. Studying peculiar characteristics of mentally retarded children (including their physical development) is relevant due to both high prevalence and severe social consequences of this pathology.

Purpose. To study characteristics of physical development in early school children (aged 7 - 11) with mental retardation in the boarding school.

Materials and Methods. A total of 120 children were examined. 35 out of them had diagnosed mental retardation (in accordance with ICD-10) and lived in a specialized boarding school for mentally retarded children. The control group included 85 intellectually healthy children of the same age. The authors studied anthropometric parameters with a further determination of harmony (balance) in physical development and somatotype.

Results. The study showed that children aged 7 - 11 with mental retardation in the boarding house had statistically significant lower indices of anthropometric parameters in comparison with the control group. Children with mental retardation had significant changes in the balance of physical development towards predominance of a very low physical development (49%). Also, there was a lower share of children with mesomorph body habitus (66%) among the children with mental retardation due to increased moderate dolicho-morphia (26%) as compared to the control group. More than a half of the mentally retarded children (57%), who were examined in the specialized boarding school showed disharmonic physical development due to weight deficit.

Conclusions. Physical development of mentally retarded children in the specialized boarding school is characterized by significant deviations in the indices of anthropometric parameters, Quetelet body mass index and “sthenia” index. Moreover the authors found out a sharp increase in the share of children with weight deficit. The revealed peculiarities of physical development can be associated with influence of diverse deprivation, which is inevitably experienced by a child in a specialized boarding school.

Keywords: mental retardation; physical development; junior school children; boarding school.

References

1. Baranov A.A. Sostoyanie zdorov'ya detey v Rossiyskoy Federatsii [The health status of children in the Russian Federation]. Pediatrija. 2012; 3: 9-14. (In Russian).
2. Vlasova V.P., Pligina E.V. Otsenka fizicheskogo razvitiya vospitannikov internatnykh uchrezhdeniy respubliki Mordoviya [Assessment of physical growth and development among the residents of children's homes in the republic of Mordovia]. Fundamental'nye issledovanija. 2012; 12-1: 31-35. (In Russian).
3. Voroncov I.M., Mazurin A.V. Propedevtika detskikh bolezney [Propedevtika childhood diseases]. 3rd ed., Ext. and rev. St. Petersburg: "Izdatel'stvo Foliant" 2009: 1008. (In Russian).
4. Ermoshkina A.Ju., Fefelova V.V., Manchuk V.T., Kazakova T.V. Kliniko-antropometricheskaya kharakteristika i vegetativnaya regulyatsiya u lits yunosheskogo vozrasta, bol'nykh skoliozom [Clinical and anthropometric characteristics and vegetative regulation of teenagers with scoliosis]. Krasnoyarsk; 2011: 107 p. (In Russian).
5. Zlova T.P., Ahmetova V.V., Stupin O.P., Lebedeva Ju.V. Pervichnoe vyyavlenie umstvennoy otstalosti u detey Zabaykal'skogo kraya: sotsial'no-demograficheskiy analiz [Primary revealing of mental retardation in children of Trans-baikal territory: the social-demographic and clinical analysis]. Sibirskiy vestnik psikhiatrii i narkologii. 2011; (5): 37-39. (In Russian).
6. Koloskova T.P., Fefelova V.V. Martynova G.P. Prognosticheskaya znachimost' opredeleniya komponentnogo sostava tela u detey bol'nykh ostrymi kishechnymi infektsiyami [Forecasting significance of determining the component structure of a body in children with acute enteric infections]. Sibirskij medicinskij zhurnal (Irkutsk). 2013; ¹ 3: 84-86. (In Russian).
7. Kryzhanovskaja I.L. Sravnenie rezul'tatov kliniko-epidemiologicheskogo issledovaniya umstvenno otstalykh detey-sirot i umstvennoy otstalykh detey, vospityvayushchikhsya v sem'e [Comparison of the results of clinico-epidemiological examination of retarded children-orphans and retarded children brought up in the family]. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 1990; 90 (3): 75-78. (In Russian).
8. Kulakova E.V., Bogomolova E.S. Usloviya prozhivaniya, obraz zhizni i sostoyanie zdorov'ya detey, nakhodyashchikhsya na vospitanii v detskikh doma, i meropriyatiya po ikh ozdorovleniyu [Living conditions, way of life and health condition of children, who are brought up in boarding schools, and measures of sanitation]. Meditsinskiy al'manakh. 2012; 22 (3): 13-17. (In Russian).
9. Mendelevich B.D. Osobennosti zabolevaemosti psikhicheskimi rasstroystvami i rasstroystvami povedeniya u detey v Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Mental and behavior disorders morbidity in children's population of the Russian Federation]. Sotsial'nye aspekty zdorov'ya naseleniya [serial online]. 2009; 11 (3). Available from: http://vestnik.mednet.ru/content/ view/135/30/lang,ru/ (In Russian).
10. Ovcharenko E.S., Fefelova V.V. Fizicheskoe razvitie detey s narusheniem dvigatel'noy aktivnosti [Physical development of children with impaired motor activity]. Byulleten' Severnogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo universiteta. 2014; (1): 63-64. (In Russian).
11. Pavel'ev I.G. Vozrastnaya dinamika parametrov fizicheskogo razvitiya detey i podrostkov-sirot 8-18 let [Age dynamics of the physical development of children and adolescent-orphans aged 8-18 years]. Nauchno-teoreticheskiy zhurnal "Uchenye zapiski universiteta im. P.F. Lesgafta". 2014; (9): 105-109.
12. Piskunova G.V., Artymuk N.V. Osobennosti sotsial'nogo statusa, somaticheskogo i reproduktivnogo zdorov'ya devochek-podrostkov, vospityvayushchikhsya v detskikh domakh [Peculiarities of social status, somatic and reproductive health of girls-teenagers - inmates of Children's Homes]. Byulleten' VSNTs SO RAMN. 2006; 47 (1): 146.
13. Pjatygina E.N. Sovremennaya shkola i puti sotsial'noy adaptatsii umstvenno otstalykh detey-sirot [Modern school and ways of social adaptation of mentally retarded orphans]. Sibirskiy vestnik spetsial'nogo obrazovaniya [serial online]. 2012; (3). Available from: http://sibsedu.kspu.ru/upl/05-2012/2.pdf. (In Russian).
14. Skorik E.A. Psikhologicheskie osobennosti adaptatsii detey-sirot k usloviyam uchrezhdeniy internatnogo tipa [Psychological features of adaptation of orphaned children to the conditions of institutions of boarding type]. Cand. Psikhol. Sci. [thesis]. Rostov-na Donu. 2013. 23 p. (In Russian).
15. Tarasova N.V., Jevert L.S., Galonskij V.G., Aljamovskij V.V. Uroven', struktura i tendentsii detskoy invalidnosti v Rossii, regional'nye osobennosti invalidnosti i umstvennoy otstalosti v detskoy populyatsii Krasnoyarskogo kraya (obzor literatury) [Level, structure and trends of child disability in Russia, regional peculiarities of child disability and mental deficiency in Krasnoyarsk territory (literature review)]. Zdorov'e sem'i 21 vek. 2014; (1): 99-120. (In Russian).
16. Hyshiktueva T.P., Usacheva E.L, Lebedeva Ju.V., Ahmedova V.V. Umstvennaya otstalost' u detey (obzor literatury) [Mental Retardation in Children: Literature Review]. Doktor.ru. 2014; 94 (6-2): 22-26. (In Russian).
17. Jur'ev V.V., Simahodskij A.S., Voronovich N.N., Homich M.M. Rost i razvitie rebenka [Growth and development of the children]. 3-e izd. St. Petersburg: "Piter"; 2008. 260 p. (In Russian).
18. Behen M.E., Helder E., Rothermel R., Solomon K., Chugani H.T. Incidence of specific absolute neurocognitive impairment in globally intact children with histories of early severe deprivation. Child Neuropsychol. 2008; 14 (5): 453-469.
19. Lakhan R., Ekundayo O.T., Shahbari M. An estimation of the prevalence of intellectual disabilities and its association with age rural and urban populations in India. Journal Neurosci Rural Pract. 2015; 6 (4): 523-528.
20. Lopes T.D., Ferreira D.M., Pereira R.A., Veiga G.V., Marins V.M. Assessment of anthropometric indexes of children and adolescents with Down syndrome. Jornal de Pediatria. 2008; 84(4):350-356.
21. Milanese C., Bortolami O., Bertucco M., Verlato G., Zancanaro C. Anthropometry and motor fitness in children aged 6-12 years. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise. 2010; 5(2): 265-279.

Write Comment

Please keep the topic of messages relevant to the subject of the article. Personal verbal attacks will be deleted. Please don't use comments to plug your web site. Such material will be removed. Just ensure to *Refresh* your browser for a new security code to be displayed prior to clicking on the 'Send' button. Keep in mind that the above process only applies if you simply entered the wrong security code.
Name:
E-mail
Comment:
Code:*