A.A. Kalininskaya¹, A.G. Mashin², F.A. Sevryukov^3
1Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow
²Polyclinic #2, Presidential Administration of Russia, Moscow
³Railway Hospital at Gorky railway station of the “Russian Railways” JSC, Nizhny Novgorod

Summary. We have analyzed 45 risk factors for prostatic hyperplasia mentioned in the literature. The survey was based on two questionnaires developed by the authors: a screening “Questionnaire to identify disorders of urination” and “Risk factors for prostatic hyperplasia”.

The survey was conducted at the Urological Center and Health Center in Nizhny Novgorod. The sociological survey included patients with prostatic hyperplasia who applied for care to the Health Center and to urologists at the Urological Center. A total of 623 questionnaires have been completed and processed. The groups were selected through the method of paired comparisons. The survey was conducted in control and treatment groups. The treatment group included 323 patients with prostatic hyperplasia while the control group consisted of 300 healthy people. The main attribute of paired comparison was presence or absence of signs of prostatic hyperplasia identified though the screening questionnaire. The experts have identified 16 statistically significant risk factors; the authors have defined a range of risk factors for prostatic hyperplasia including 10 manageable, four- semi-manageable and three – non-manageable risk factors.

The non-manageable risk factors for prostatic hyperplasia include age and inheritance.

The manageable risk factors for prostatic hyperplasia include overweight, rough labor, more than once a week alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking for more than 10 years, frequent hyperthermia, stress, unbalanced diet, insufficient physical activity, frequent bladder overflow and irregular sex.

Proceeding from the analysis results of the identified manageable and non-manageable risk factors for prostatic hyperplasia and current knowledge of pathogenesis we have concluded that each of hypoxia-associated condition can trigger prostatic hyperplasia. Significant impact of other factors like concomitant central nervous system diseases, early puberty, decreased body mass index and meteopathia has not been evidenced. In some cases, there is a close relation between various factors. For example, exposure to cold provokes urinary tract infection, which may contribute to the development of prostatic hyperplasia.

Keywords. Prostatic hyperplasia; risk factors; age groups.

References

1. Apolikhin OI, Sivkov AV, Beshliev DA, Solntseva TV, Komarova VA. Analysis of uronephrological morbidity in the Russian Federation according to the official statistical data. Eksperimental'naya klinicheskaya urologiya 2010;(1):4-11 (in Russia).
2. Komarov YuM. About the conception of healthcare development in the RF up to 2010. [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2012 Dec 25]. Available from: http://www.viperson.ru/wind.php?ID=544829 (in Russia).
3. Starodubov VI, Ivanova AE, eds. Development of human potential in Russia in terms of population health. Moscow: Littera; 2012. 360 p. (in Russia).
4. Sharafutdinov MA. Social and health aspects of genitourinary diseases and medical and organization basis for health care provision to patients (in Republic of Bashkortostan). Dr.Sci.Med [thesis]. Moscow; 2011. 46 p. (in Russia).

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