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Summary. Pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV infection are
currently widespread in all regions of Russia with uneven incidence of
tuberculosis and HIV-infection that is subject to significant
fluctuations.
Objective: to review epidemiological situation with HIV-TB
co-infection in Russian regions with the use of matrix analysis to
determine inputs each infection contributes to the epidemiological
process.
Methods: indicators of pulmonary tuberculosis and
HIV-infection for 2010 have been used. To develop the matrix 81 regions
of Russia have been rated according to their rates of HIV prevalence.
Groups with highest and lowest incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis and
HIV-infection have been compared.
Results: high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in all
regions of Russia is the main prerequisite for HIV-TB co-infection
nowadays. Against the background of a widespread prevalence of HIV
infection a sharp rise in HIV-TB co-infection in regions with high
incidence of HIV infection becomes a matter of a great concern.
The Russian tuberculosis facilities are urged to introduce a closed
treatment regiment with isolation of tuberculosis patients with sputum
smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Matrix analysis helps to evaluate
relations between the two infections in the Russian regions and choose
priorities for developing organizational measures to control HIV-TB
co-infection.
Conclusions: While the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in
all regions of Russia in 2010 was over 35 per 100,000 population, the
incidence of HIV infection only in 36 regions of Russia (43.4% of the
total) exceeded 25 per 100,000 population. 23 regions of Russia with HIV
incidence over 44 per 100,000 population are challenged with an
exponential growth of HIV-TB cases. Implementation of a package of
organizational measures implies close cooperation between TB and HIV
control programs at all levels.
Keywords. Pulmonary tuberculosis; HIV-infection; HIV-TB co-infection; matrix analysis.
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