Ju.V. Mikhaylova¹, A.Yu. Abramov², I.S. Tsybulskaya¹, I.B. Shikina¹, N.I. Khaliullin³, E.R. Nizamova^1
1 Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow
²People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow
³ Bagrationovskaya central regional hospital, Kaliningrad.

Summary. In recent years the mass use of psychoactive substances and associated mental and behavioral disorders coupled with the widespread of blood-borne infections has been stirring the public alarm.

The aim of the study is to evaluate current situation with drug addiction among children, adolescents and the youth in the Russian Federation.

Objectives of the study: to determine peculiarities and consequences of the use of psychoactive substances with a breakdown on age and place of residence using official statistics and scientific literature analysis.

Methods and data. Mathematical processing and analytical assessment of official statistics – Information on narcotic disorders (Form#11) in Russia, Moscow and Federal Districts of the Russian Federation in 2012 and selected data for 1993 and 2008.

Results. The number of users of psychoactive substances in Russia among 10-14 years old was 217.1 per 100,000 of population of corresponding age (277 in urban and 84.4 in rural areas) with a sharp increase in the number of users among 15-17 years old (by 8.9 times in urban and by 10.3 times in rural areas). Among all users of psychoactive substances the number of males is 4.9 times higher than females. In 2012, the share of alcohol users added up to 80.7% out of all users of psychoactive substances, narcotic drugs – 18.3% and toxic substances – 1.0%. Rural dwellers develop addiction and harmful consequences of abuse faster compared to urban dwellers: transition from the primary to medium stage or from medium to final stage of alcohol abuse occurs 2-3 times more often, drug abuse among 15-17 years old takes place 3.3 times more often and toxic substances abuse –2.6 times more often.

Share of harmful consequences associated with the use of psychoactive substances is higher in rural areas compared to urban settings in all ages. Rural females suffer from chronic alcohol abuse by 10.2% more often.

On average, in a megalopolis (in Moscow) harmful consequences of alcohol and drug abuse (including heroine) in children and adolescents are more clearly manifested compared to all other Russian cities. In Moscow the number of HIV-infection and hepatitis is relatively higher among adolescents. Annual dynamics of alcohol use with harmful consequences in women, children and adolescents increase by higher rates.

Conclusions. Scales and rates of initiation of consumption and use of psychoactive substances in women, children and the youth lead to reduced ontogenetic adaptation and personal social degradation threatening national security of the country.

Keywords: Drug addiction among the youth; psychoactive substances; harmful consequences of use of psychoactive substances.

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