DOI: 10.21045/2071-5021-2017-53-1-8

Contacts: Tatiana Golubeva, e-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spam bots, you need JavaScript enabled to view it
Information about authors:
Kakorina E.P., http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6033-5564
Alexandrova G.A., http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9232-4146
Polikarpov A.V., http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6696-8714
Ogryzko E.V., http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7653-3191
Golubeva T.Yu., http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-091X
Acknowledgments.The study had no sponsorship.
Conflct of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Abstract: Child disability is a great social challenge. Lack of information about peculiar features of child disability in rural and urban areas often acts as a break on state programs on rehabilitation of children with disabilities.

Purpose: to provide a comparative analysis of incidence rates of disability in children residing in urban and rural areas of the Russian Federation in 2002-2015.

Materials and methods. Data on newly declared disabled children under 18 years residing in urban and rural areas according to the form of the federal statistical observation ¹7D (social security) "Information about medical and social assessment of children under 18 years" in 2002-2015 were analyzed.

Results. In 2015 disability incidence in the Russian Federation among children residing in rural areas added up to 25.6 per 10,000; among children residing in urban areas - 24.2 per 10,000, i.e. disability in rural areas is higher by 5.8%. The authors have detected a trend towards reduction in incidence rates of disability in 2002-2015: by 31% in rural areas and by 12.9% in urban areas. The leading share in the structure of causes is accounted for by mental and behavioral disorders (rural - 27.6%, urban - 23.4%), diseases of the nervous system (rural - 15.6%, urban - 18.7%) rank second. Third place in the structure belongs to congenital anomalies (malformations), deformations and chromosomal abnormalities (rural - 15.6%, urban - 18.7%). It should be noted here that in rural areas children with disabilities have higher incidence rates due to mental retardation (rural - 4.3 per 10,000, urban - 2.3 per 10,000), inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (rural - 0.3 by 10,000, urban - 0.08 per 10,000).

Conclusions: The obtained data are not sufficient to conduct a comprehensive analysis of child disability, data on the leading functional limitation are necessary in addition to morbidity and disorders data. For a comprehensive analysis of disability in children residing in urban and rural areas it is necessary to add information about leading functional limitations, data on re-distribution of the declared disabled children residing in rural areas, by disease classes and individual nosology to the reporting form of the federal statistical observation ¹7D (social security) "Information about medical and social assessment of children under 18 years".

Keywords: children with disabilities; urban and rural areas; annual reporting form ¹7D (social security).

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