|
T.G. Shanina, O.M. Filkina, O. Y. Kocherova, E.A. Vorob׳eva, L.A. Pychtina
Ivanovo Research Institute of Maternity and Childhood V.N. Gorodkova, Ivanovo
Summary. The aim is to study gender-specific indicators of individual health of adolescents aged 15-17 years.
An analysis of the survey 300 girls and boys from 15 to 17 years.
Depending on the gender studied personal and characterological features,
the sociometric status of adolescents, their intellectual, physical and
sexual development, disease, mental health. Conducted a comprehensive
assessment of health status.
It is shown that in 15-17 years girls
distinguished by a high level of neuroticism, and young men - emotional
stability. In characterological portrait of girls in this age dominated
by traits such as activity, persistence, irritability, anxiety,
non-executive, the inability to control himself, a penchant for risk,
young men - compliance, severity determination. Common traits for boys
and girls are non-executive and the inability to control himself. The
young men, compared with girls at age 16 revealed a higher scoring
overall and verbal intelligence. Girls in low and lower middle level of
verbal intelligence is recorded in 2 times less, and low and below the
average level of nonverbal intelligence - in 2,3 times more often than
boys. In the late teens the girls are more developed autonomy and social
maturity reasoning, observation, attention, whereas the boys - the
ability to analyze the spatial imagination, accuracy of operating a
numeric material. Established that in 15-17 years old boys compared with
girls are more often missed their peers or even isolated. Proved that
the boys rarely observed in mental health. Differences in
neuropsychiatric disorders, boys and girls 15-17 years of age were as
follows - the girls more than boys identified phobic and depressive
manifestations, specifically adolescent behavioral reactions, and rarely
- somatovegetative manifestations and hyperdynamic syndrome.
It is shown that at this age boys less likely to be diagnosed
autonomic dysfunction, and diffuse thyroid enlargement. The young men
from 15 to 17 years, in contrast to girls, remain active growth
processes. Identified adverse indicators of pubertal development in
adolescents 15-17 years - a substantial number of them characterized by
the lag of development of secondary sexual characteristics. At the same
time, young men 15-17 years lag in the development of secondary sexual
characteristics occurs more frequently than in girls of this age. For 17
years the majority of girls lag in the development of secondary sexual
characteristics is compensated, whereas 25.3% of boys - is preserved.
According to the comprehensive assessment of the level of health of
15-17 year old boys is higher than that of peers.
Keywords. Girls 15-17 years, boys 15-17 years, gender peculiarities, health
References
- Abramova G.S. Vozrastnaya psikhologiya [Age psychology]. Yekaterinburg: Delovaya kniga; 1999. 624 p.
- Zhdanova L.A. Sistemnaya deyatelnost organizma rebenka pri
adaptatsii k shkolnomu obucheniyu [Systemic activity of a child’s
organism at adaptation to school education]. [PhD. Thesis]. Moscow.
1990. 41 p.
- Zdorovye detey Rossii (sostoyaniye i problemy) [Health of children
of Russia (state and problems)] Baranov A.A., editor. Moscow. 1999. 273
p.
- Isayev D.N. Psikhosomaticheskaya meditsina detskogo vozrasta
[Psychosomatic medicine of children’s ages]. SPb.: Spetsialnaya
literatura. 1996. 454 p.
- Kovalev V.V. Psikhiatriya detskogo vozrasta [Mental medicine of children’s ages]. Moscow: Meditsina; 1995. 560 p.
- Obukhova L.F. Detskaya psikhologiya: teorii, fakty, problemy
[Children’s psychology: theories, facts, and problems]. Moscow:
Trivolga; 1995. 360 p.
- Ushakov G.K. Pogranichnyye nervno-psikhicheskiye rasstroystva [Vorder neuropsychic disorders]. 2nd rev. ed. Moscow: Meditsina; 1987. 304 p.
- Feldshteyn D.I. Psikhologiya razvitiya lichnosti v ontogeneze
[Psychology of personality development in ontogenesis]. Moscow:
Pedagogika; 1989. 208 p.
Views: 19416
|
